An Investigation of Nurses' Knowledge and Response to Emerging Infectious Diseases at Kogi State University Teaching Hospital
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Background of the Study
Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) are diseases that have recently increased in incidence or geographic range or have been identified for the first time. Examples include diseases such as COVID-19, Ebola, and Zika virus, which have had global health implications. The rapid spread of EIDs highlights the need for healthcare professionals to be well-prepared to respond effectively to new and evolving pathogens. Nurses, as frontline healthcare providers, play a crucial role in identifying, isolating, and managing patients with EIDs. Their ability to recognize the symptoms, implement appropriate isolation protocols, and provide accurate information to patients and the public can significantly reduce the spread of these diseases and improve patient outcomes (Hassan et al., 2023).
Kogi State, located in central Nigeria, is exposed to various health risks, including the potential emergence of infectious diseases due to its diverse population and proximity to neighboring states. Despite the global concern regarding emerging infectious diseases, there is limited research on the preparedness and knowledge of nurses in Nigerian hospitals, particularly in Kogi State. The increasing frequency of outbreaks in Nigeria, coupled with the evolving nature of infectious diseases, necessitates a comprehensive understanding of how well nurses at Kogi State University Teaching Hospital are equipped to respond to these threats. Assessing nurses' knowledge of EIDs and their response mechanisms is essential for identifying areas of improvement and ensuring effective containment strategies during outbreaks.
Statement of the Problem
The emergence of new infectious diseases poses a significant challenge to healthcare systems worldwide, including in Nigeria. However, there is limited evidence regarding the preparedness of nurses in Kogi State University Teaching Hospital to manage these diseases. Nurses' ability to detect, isolate, and treat patients with emerging infectious diseases is critical to preventing widespread outbreaks. Insufficient knowledge about these diseases and inadequate response protocols can lead to delays in diagnosis, poor patient outcomes, and the spread of infections. This study seeks to investigate the level of knowledge and preparedness among nurses at Kogi State University Teaching Hospital regarding emerging infectious diseases and evaluate their responses during outbreaks.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess the level of knowledge of nurses at Kogi State University Teaching Hospital about emerging infectious diseases.
- To evaluate the response strategies employed by nurses at Kogi State University Teaching Hospital during outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases.
- To identify the factors that influence nurses' ability to respond effectively to emerging infectious diseases.
Research Questions
- What is the level of knowledge of nurses at Kogi State University Teaching Hospital regarding emerging infectious diseases?
- How do nurses at Kogi State University Teaching Hospital respond to outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases?
- What factors influence the ability of nurses at Kogi State University Teaching Hospital to effectively manage emerging infectious diseases?
Research Hypotheses
- There is a significant relationship between the level of knowledge of nurses about emerging infectious diseases and their response effectiveness during outbreaks at Kogi State University Teaching Hospital.
- Nurses with higher levels of knowledge about emerging infectious diseases are more likely to implement effective response strategies than those with limited knowledge.
- The ability of nurses to respond effectively to emerging infectious diseases is significantly influenced by factors such as training, resources, and institutional support.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on nurses working at Kogi State University Teaching Hospital and will assess their knowledge of emerging infectious diseases, their response during outbreaks, and the factors influencing their preparedness. The study will not assess other healthcare professionals or the public health infrastructure outside the hospital.
The limitations of the study include the possibility of response bias in self-reported data and the limited scope, as it will be confined to one hospital in Kogi State. Additionally, the study will focus solely on EIDs and will not evaluate other aspects of infection control in the hospital.
Definitions of Terms
- Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs): Diseases caused by newly identified or re-emerging pathogens that pose a threat to public health.
- Nurses' knowledge: The understanding nurses have regarding the characteristics, transmission, and management of emerging infectious diseases.
- Response strategies: The actions taken by nurses to identify, treat, and contain the spread of emerging infectious diseases.
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